Climate change is a global phenomenon, affecting different geographic regions on the planet differently. Mean global temperature has increased by 0.7°C during the 20th century, likely surpassing temperatures of the past 1000 years. A major consequence of global warming is sea level rise. Between 1900 and 2010, global sea level rose to 1.7±0.2 mm/yr. Sea level rise-related impacts on coastal systems can occur in several ways. Marine inundation will shift the coastline landward, erode beaches, accelerate cliff failure, degrade some coastal habitats, and potentially damage coastal infrastructure. Most coastlines in the world are under the threat of erosion; as such many developed nations have instituted long-term measures to control the rate of change. Over 70% of the world’s beaches are experiencing coastal erosion and this presents a serious hazard to many coastal regions. Therefore, the purpose of this issue is to publish works on the shoreline change for visualization of coastal vulnerability associated with multiple natural and human ecosystems and with multiple climate change impacts.

Marine biotechnology can be defined as the use of marine bio-resources as the target or source of biotechnical applications. Marine ecosystems have a richer biodiversity of life and genetic resources than that of the terrestrial ecosystems. The diversity of marine life can be translated into a wide range of useful applications and products related to health, food supply, environmental sustainability, energy security, among others. As the research technologies are advancing, we are increasingly able to access valuable marine resources. Therefore, the purpose of this issue is to publish novel data on the biotechnology of aquatic organisms, under areas such as ecology, molecular biology, biochemistry, functional diversity of marine life, marine natural product, biodiversity of marine organisms, and any technological applications intended for development and specific use by industries.

Mangroves are unique tropical formations between land and sea which offers food and habitat for variety of organisms around the tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. These forests are capable of withstanding various environmental regimes such as changes in temperature, salinity and organic matter. These beautiful ecosystems are an interesting platform for different scientific investigations. These tropical forests are sources for extraction of many useful medicines and chemicals besides, providing food for various organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Further studies may be helpful for ecosystem as well as humanity as a whole.